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- <text id=91TT2607>
- <title>
- Nov. 25, 1991: Oregon's Value Judgment
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Nov. 25, 1991 10 Ways to Cure The Health Care Mess
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 37
- COVER STORY
- Oregon's Value Judgment
- </hdr><body>
- <p> Virtually every state in the U.S. is struggling to find ways
- to seal up increasingly leaky health-care systems. Hawaii was
- one of the first to strive for universal coverage and now reaches
- 98% of its residents. Florida, New York, Michigan, Maine and
- Wisconsin subsidize health-insurance coverage for some of their
- poorest citizens. South Carolina sponsors house calls for
- pregnant women. Alabama uses its school clinics to provide
- prenatal care. Despite this kaleidoscope of experiments, no one
- state can claim to have solved all its problems.
- </p>
- <p> The newest and broadest attempt to improve access and
- contain costs is taking place in Oregon. The state is asking the
- U.S. government to approve changes in Medicaid rules to provide
- a limited list of medical services to all people below the
- poverty level, regardless of their current Medicaid status. A
- companion law in Oregon's comprehensive health plan requires all
- employers to provide health insurance for full-time employees
- and obliges insurance companies to renew those policies without
- excluding individuals considered too risky. The state also
- guarantees that doctors and hospitals are reimbursed for their
- services but makes them justify their purchases of costly
- medical diagnostic equipment.
- </p>
- <p> The centerpiece and most controversial feature of the plan
- is a list of 709 medical conditions and their treatments,
- ranked according to their seriousness and the likelihood that
- treatment will restore the patient to long-term good health.
- Actuaries estimate that state and federal Medicaid money will
- pay for treatment of everyone suffering from the first 587
- conditions on the list.
- </p>
- <p> In effect, Oregon is promising to provide universal
- coverage in exchange for a system of financial triage. A child
- will get a liver transplant; a chronic alcoholic will not. An
- AIDS sufferer will get treatment in the early stages of his
- illness but in the terminal stages will get only "comfort care."
- The plan would not pay for so-called heroic measures, such as
- expensive life support for babies born after less than 23 weeks
- of gestation and weighing less than 500 g (1.1 lbs.). Nor will
- it pay for self-curing ailments--now covered--like the
- common cold, food poisoning, sprains and simple diaper rash.
- And, of course, the patient who needs spinal disc surgery, No.
- 588 on the list, may be out of luck.
- </p>
- <p> Oregon's list is not without critics. The Washington-based
- Children's Defense Fund is actively lobbying against the
- Medicaid waiver needed to put the plan into effect. Says CDF
- director Sara Rosenbaum: "We don't understand why the state's
- poorest children have to give up literally life-and-death
- benefits for the sake of this social experiment."
- </p>
- <p> But many Oregonians are in favor of it. The pecking order
- of conditions was arrived at with the help of marathon
- discussion sessions that were organized by Oregon Health
- Decisions, a public interest group, and held in each of the
- state's 36 counties. But agreement on values does not guarantee
- fiscal manageability. "We're all together on this, but for many
- different reasons," says Amy Klare of the Oregon AFL-CIO.
- "Business will fall off if the plan's too rich. We'll fall out
- if the plan's too weak." Ellen Pinney, executive director of the
- Oregon Health Action Campaign, wonders whether coverage will be
- maintained at the initial levels. "Over time," she contends,
- "the ability of the state to fund an adequate plan will be
- constrained."
- </p>
- <p> State officials admit that some changes are certain to
- take place in 1993, when treatments for mental health and
- chemical dependency are added, as well as coverage for senior
- citizens and the disabled. Then somebody with condition No. 587
- may no longer qualify. But if the plan works, virtually every
- Oregonian will be assured decent primary care, and that is a
- goal with which every community could live.
- </p>
- <p>By Edwin M. Reingold/Salem.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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